Fig. 11

a Raw data obtained from the Ne(³P₂) and ND ₃ reaction at one particular relative velocity. The solid red line shows the mass separated product ions obtained with optimized timings, the black dashed lines shows a background measurement in which the ammonia pulse was delayed by 1 ms with respect to the neon beam. The inset shows the background subtracted peaks for ND\(_{3}^{+}\) and ND\(_{2}^{+}\) which are integrated to obtain the actual number of reaction products at these settings. b Integrated raw experimental data as a function of relative velocity. ND\(_{3}^{+}\) ions are produced in the Ne(³P₂)+ND ₃ Penning ionisation reaction and accumulated for different beam velocities. Ammonia was used pure (shown as green symbols) or seeded in Ne (red) or Ar (black). For each of these settings, the Ne velocity was varied by tuning the valve temperature from 200 K to 340 K